Python

Statements

	Statement	Description
:star:	import	Import modules to be used in the code
:star:	=	Assignment
	del	Deletes a variable
:star:	if	Conditional execution
:star:	elif	Conditional execution, “else if”
:star:	for	Iterate over iterable object, e.g. a list
	while	Loop for as long as its condition is true
	break	Exits a loop
	continue	Skips to the next cycle in a loop
:star:	def	Defines a function or method
:star:	return	Return values from function or method
	yield	Used to implement coroutines
	class	For creating classes in object-oriented programming
	with	Use of context manager for managing resources
	try	Catches exceptions raised by the attached code
	raise	Raise an exception
	assert	Raise error if condition is not met
	pass	Needed to create empty code blocks

Expressions

	Expression	Description
:star:	+, -, *, **, /, //	Mathematical operations
:star:	==, <, <=, >, >=	Comparisons
:star:	+	String and list concatenation
:star:	*	String and list duplication
	@	Infix operator for use in matrix multiplication
	:=	”Walrus operator” assigns values as part of a larger expression
:star:	and, or, not	Boolean operators
:star:	[ i for i in iterable ]	List comprehension (generator expression)
:star:	{ k: i for k, i in zip(iterable, iterable) }	Dictionary comprehension (generator expression)
:star:	lambda x: x	Anonymous function
:star:	x if c else y	Conditional expression
:star:	a, b = 1, 2	Sequence unpacking
:star:	"string", 'string'	Strings
:star:	"""string"""	Multiline string
:star:	f"1 + 2 = {1 + 2}"	F-string
	r"string\n"	Raw string (no escapes)
:star:	my_list[index]	Array indexing
:star:	my_list[start:stop:step]	Array slicing

Types

	Type	Mutability	Description	Example
:star:	bool	immutable	Boolean	True, False
:star:	int	immutable	Integer	15
:star:	range	immutable	Sequence of integers	range(1, 10, 2)
:star:	float	immutable	Double-precision floating-point number	2.66666
	complex	immutable	Complex number	1.5 + 3.2j
:star:	str	immutable	Character string (Unicode)	"Text", 'Text'
	bytes	immutable	Sequence of bytes	b"Some ASCII"
	bytearray	mutable	Sequence of bytes
:star:	list	mutable	List	[1, 2, 3]
:star:	tuple	immutable	Immutable list	(1, 2, 3)
:star:	dict	mutable	Dictionary	{"a": 1, "b": 2}
:star:	set	mutable	Unordered set	{"a", "b", "c"}
	frozenset	immutable	Unordered set
:star:	types.NoneType	immutable	Absence of value, null	None
	types.NotImplementedType	immutable	Indicates unsupported operand types	NotImplemented
	types.EllipsisType	immutable	Ellipsis placeholder for NumPy arrays	..., Ellipsis

Useful Built-in Functions

Function	Description
print()	Prints to the console
zip()	Iterate over multiple iterables
itertools.product()	Create combinations from iterables